In a remarkable breakthrough, researchers at the University of Nottingham have developed a method to 3D print glass vapor cells, essential for quantum technologies. By using vat polymerization through digital light processing (DLP), the team crafted complex internal architectures and integrated sensors, pushing the boundaries of additive manufacturing.
This advanced process allows for the in-situ growth of gold nanoparticles, enabling precise tailoring of the cells' optical properties. The 3D printed glass vapor cells achieved ultra-high vacuum levels of 2×10⁻⁹ mbar, crucial for Doppler-free spectroscopy and laser frequency stabilization. Despite their small size, under 1 cm³, these cells are thermally stable up to 150°C and maintain their structure even in high-temperature environments.
This innovative approach overcomes the limitations of traditional glass-blowing techniques, offering customizable and miniaturized components with exceptional optical quality. The printed cells can support intricate geometries and integrated functionalities, such as inkjet-printed graphene and silver electrodes for photon detection.
The team used a resin loaded with fumed silica nanoparticles, achieving a high silica content of 50 wt%. After printing, the parts underwent thermal debinding and sintering at 1150°C, resulting in dense, amorphous glass structures. Significant linear shrinkage (~27%) was accounted for during the design phase.
The printed cells successfully performed rubidium spectroscopy, confirming their potential for quantum technology applications. This research highlights the transformative power of additive manufacturing to produce advanced, integrated multi-material components, paving the way for enhanced quantum devices.
Source: arxiv.org